Toward Hazard Aware Spaces : Knowing Where , When and What Hazards Occur
نویسنده
چکیده
While considering all existing hazards for humans due to (a) natural disastrous events, (b) failures of human hazard attention or (c) intentional harmful behaviors of humans, we address the problem of building hazard aware spaces (HAS) to alert innocent people. We have researched and developed components of a prototype HAS system for detecting fire using wireless “smart” micro electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) sensor networks, such as the MICA sensors manufactured by Crossbow Inc., and spectral cameras, for instance, thermal infrared (IR), visible spectrum and multi-spectral cameras. Within this context, the paper overviews technical challenges and prototyped scientific solutions to (1) robotic sensor deployment using remote control, (2) synchronization of sensors and cameras, (3) localization of sensors and objects, (4) calibration of measurements from sensors and spectral cameras, (5) proactive camera control, (6) hazard detection, (7) human alert, (8) hazard confirmation and understanding, and (9) hazard containment. The work presents innovative signal processing applications of sensor network technology, and includes also theoretical and practical limitations that have to be understood while working with novel technologies.
منابع مشابه
Toward Hazard Aware Spaces: Localization using Passive RFID Technology
In this technical report, we investigate the use of passive RFID technology for object localization and tracking. This work is motivated by the desire to design, and build, robust smart spaces (pervasive spaces), and in particular their application in the area of hazard aware spaces. In particular we are interested in building spaces that can detect hazards and autonomously take action to gain ...
متن کاملGeological Hazards analysis in Urban Tunneling by EPB Machine (Case study: Tehran subway line 7 tunnel)
Technological progress in tunneling has led to modern and efficient tunneling methods in vast underground spaces even under inappropriate geological conditions. Identification and access to appropriate and sufficient geological hazard data are key elements to successful construction of underground structures. Choice of the method, excavation machine, and prediction of suitable solutions to over...
متن کاملUncertainty in Natural Hazards, Modeling and Decision Support: An Introduction to This Volume
Modeling has been used to characterize and map natural hazards and hazard susceptibility for decades. Uncertainties are pervasive in natural hazards analysis, including a limited ability to predict where and when extreme events will occur, with what consequences, and driven by what contributing factors. Modeling efforts are challenged by the intrinsic variability of natural and human systems, m...
متن کاملRisk it? Direct and collateral impacts of peers’ verbal expressions about hazard likelihoods
When people encounter potential hazards, their expectations and behaviours can be shaped by a variety of factors including other people's expressions of verbal likelihood (e.g., unlikely to harm). What is the impact of such expressions when a person also has numeric likelihood estimates from the same source(s)? Two studies used a new task involving an abstract virtual environment in which peopl...
متن کامل-
The development and evolution of any system–person, organization–nation depends on how the system succeeds to bridge the gap between what the system knows and what the system does (with the knowledge). We call this the gap between knowing and doing or the knowing-doing gap. If the system does not do what it knows, it will lose out in competition with other systems, its relative performance in...
متن کامل